However, wouldn't the poverty of Americans start a chain reaction in the global market? What I mean to say is that the economic stability of China depends on the wastefulness of Americans, who only spend and not save. Also, many Chinese companies are facing overproduction because of both the absence of a domestic product market and the newfound penurious lifestyle Americans have had to learn about the hard way.
Plus, most of the people who shop at the dollar store are lower-income Americans. Should so many suddenly go broke, China would be smart to expect some potholes in its road to economic glory and prepare some safety nets.
HK sank into an economic trough and property slump between 1997 to 2003 as a result of an over-heated economy, massive speculation and bad policy. And as someone who lived through those horrid days, I can tell you it doesn't really work like that.
Assuming China's cheap goods producting industries do nothing to progress to the next level and are unable to steal some more of America's higher end business, in a recession when the very poor run out of money to even buy cheap goods, those on a higher strata above will also feel the pinch and face the same insecurity in employment and wage-cuts even. As a result all the people will feel the pressure to cut down on expense and to save. If they must buy anything, price will be a huge consideration and they will invariably go for the cheapest possible.
This was true in HK during the recession when the only shops that could withstand the economic winter are those that sold cheap goods and food stuff from China. The only shops that did brisk business are those selling wonton noodle at USD 1.2/bowl and those selling USD 10 tops and USD 4 watches (perfectly fashionable and workable) and they thrived.
So the cheap goods producers will probably not suffer a huge blow as far as their export to the US is concerned.
Their biggest current concern (and indirectly the concern of the American consumers) though is that they face huge hike in wages* and raw materials, and are under pressure themselves to spike prices.
*Because of the rising price of crops and pork etc and general economic improvement in poor, central part of China, peasant workers have greater incentives to stay in their home town. Since a couple of years ago, southern China has experienced shortage of peasant workers and wages have risen from RMB800 to RMB1200 generally (boarding and food provided by the employers).